Mangrove ecosystems exhibit distinct interspecific associations governed by salinity gradients, tidal inundation, and sediment characteristics. The present study investigates species association patterns of mangroves along the longitudinal gradient of the Achara Estuary. Phytosociological surveys were conducted across ten regions representing downstream to upstream zones, each divided into seaward and landward sectors. Quadrat sampling (15 m […]
Vol. 12 (3) 2026
Microscopic fungi produce diverse secondary metabolites, including phenols, tannins, proteins, flavonoids, and terpenoids, with potential pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and agricultural applications. This study quantitatively evaluated the secondary metabolite profiles of five fungal species: Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Trichoderma sp., and Cladosporium sp. Crude fungal extracts were analyzed for total phenols, tannins, proteins, flavonoids, and […]
The Hiranyakeshi River at Ramtirth, Ajara (Kolhapur) is part of the ecologically sensitive Western Ghats (Sahyadri), a global biodiversity hotspot. This study aimed to document the avian diversity and taxonomic distribution at the Ramtirth site in Ajara, District Kolhapur, to establish a baseline for the conservation of this riparian stretch. A total of 76 bird […]
Different nutritional sources required for the growth and development of the fungal pathogen. Carbon is one of the most important and essential nutrition required for energy and cellular structure of pathogen. Nitrogen is also important nutrient required for protein synthesis and other vital functions. The present study has made on the comparative effect of different […]
Oxidation of Serine by Oxone catalyzed by bromide ions has been studied in acidic medium. The reaction is initiated by the oxidation of bromide to bromine, which then react with the Serine. The formation of bromine is supported by the spectrophotometric examination of the reaction mixture. The proposed intermediate involves a complex formation between bromine […]
Qualitative phytochemical analysis is crucial for the identification of phytochemical constituents in medicinal plants, as their medicinal value is primarily attributed to the presence of specific bioactive compounds. The objective of the present study was to investigate the presence of phytochemical constituents in aqueous, methanolic, acetone and petroleum ether extracts of the roots, stems and […]
Nanocrystalline thin films of CdSe/TiO2 at optimal substrate temperatures were deposited on a fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrate by spray pyrolysis. The structural and electrical properties were examined using X-Ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, and Photoelectrochemical cell. The X- ray pattern revels the deposited and doped CdSe/TiO2 thin films have polycrystalline in nature and hexagonal […]
Pavetta crassicaulis Bremek. belongs to family Rubiaceae and commonly called as Papat. It is bushy shrub and leaves variable in size and shape. Ethnomedicinal studies of Kolhapur district revealed that traditionally leaves of P. crassicaulis were used to treat piles and bone fracture. The HPTLC fingerprint analyses were carried out as Harborne and Wagner et […]
Stink bug Mycterizonbellus Distant, 1902 (Pentatomidae: Aesopinae), is reported from Maharashtra state for the first time. This species was observed at light source in the evergreen forest areas of Dodamarg Tehsil in the Western Ghats of Sindhudurg district. The images of both male and female, brief morphology, along with current geographical distribution is given.
A Plant identification and systematics have mostly been about looking at how plants look and comparing their features. This old-school way set the groundwork for how we classify plants, but it takes a lot of time and you really need an expert to do it right. The availability and expertly of plant taxonomist is becoming […]
An efficient Copper incorporated nano-graphene-NHC complex acronymed as nGO-NHC@Cu complex (5) has been synthesized by covalent grafting of ferrocenyl ionic liquid in the matrix of nano-graphene followed by metallation with copper (I) iodide. The nGO-NHC@Cu complex (5) was successfully characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis […]
As the primary caloric source for over 3.5 billion people, Oryza sativa productivity is critical to economic stability in South and Southeast Asia. Leaf Blast, Bacterial Leaf Blight and Brown Spot are major yield limiting and income-decreasing foliar diseases. Current practice relies on experts examining crops visually, which is labour-intensive and observer-dependent, with variations among […]
The solar proton flares affecting the solar terrestrial environment were recorded during the period January 1995 to May 2012. The statistical analysis of 94 solar proton events was carried out in this work, and data were compared with the solar flares observed during the period from January 1976 to January 1990. Proton fluxes were integral […]
The study emphasized on the growth, yield-attributing qualities of fenugreek Trigonella foenum graecum L.,(Fabaceae) is well-known for its culinary and medicinal value. In this experiment, the biological properties of Fenugreek plant were recorded at regular intervals on 15, 30 and 45 days. The best results for growth parameters after 45 days viz. plant height (14.34 […]
Artificial intelligence is rapidly transitioning from a supportive tool to an active partner in biomedical research, generating hypotheses and predicting clinical risks. However, patient-specific clinical integration requires mechanistic insight into model reasoning, not merely confidence estimates. This review evaluates current Explainable AI (XAI) methodologies—from SHAP and LRP to Concept Bottleneck Models—across genomics, drug discovery, and […]
Artificial intelligence is rapidly transitioning from a supportive tool to an active partner in biomedical research, generating hypotheses and predicting clinical risks. However, patient-specific clinical integration requires mechanistic insight into model reasoning, not merely confidence estimates. This review evaluates current Explainable AI (XAI) methodologies—from SHAP and LRP to Concept Bottleneck Models—across genomics, drug discovery, and […]
Laboratory bioassay and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the allelopathic effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Duranta plumieri (Jacq) on the seed germination, seedling growth and growth characteristics of two varieties of Sorghum vulgare (Pears). The results showed that all the concentrations of alcoholic extract inhibited the process of seed germination in both […]
In the present paper seven fungal taxa belonging to seven different genera of different groups viz. Plasmodiophoromycetous Tetramyxa (1 spp.), Pyrenomycetous Mycocitrus (1 spp.), Loculoascomycetous Parmulina (1 spp.), Hypomycetous Acroconidiellina (1 spp.), Chuppia (1 spp.) and Hymenostilbe (1 spp.) and Coelomycetous Lecanosticta (1 spp.) have been taxonomically studied and reported as new generic records to […]
This study evaluates the phytoplankton community structure of the Erandol freshwater dam in Ajara Tehsil, Kolhapur, to establish a baseline for aquatic conservation. A taxonomic investigation identified a diverse assemblage of 29 species across five key classes: Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Dinophyceae, and Bacillariophyceae. As primary producers, these microalgae serve as critical bio-indicators; their presence and […]
In the twenty-first century, environmental systems are changing rapidly due to industrial growth, urbanisation, overuse of natural resources, and climate change. These complex and spatial processes require advanced technological tools beyond traditional research methods. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an important tool in environmental geography for analysing large spatial and temporal datasets. AI is widely […]
Wadad Lake, situated near Wadad village in Hingoli district of Maharashtra, represents an important freshwater ecosystem supporting diverse avifauna. The lake and its surrounding landscape comprise aquatic vegetation, grasslands, agricultural fields, herbs, shrubs, and trees, creating a favorable habitat for birds throughout the year. These varied habitats provide abundant food resources, nesting sites, and shelter, […]
Artificial intelligence has emerged as a transformative technology influencing the way organizations manage human resources. At the same time, the concept of Green Human Resource Management (Green HRM) has gained increasing attention as organizations attempt to integrate environmental sustainability into managerial practices. This research investigates how AI-enabled HR practices contribute to the implementation of Green […]
Soil is a critical abiotic component, serving as a primary reservoir for nutrients and a habitat for diverse flora. This study evaluates the soil quality of Ajara Tahsil, District Kolhapur, and explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for enhanced soil health monitoring. Physico-chemical analysis of samples from diverse agricultural fields and sacred groves was […]
In this work, we propose and assess a hybrid photocatalyst based on waste foundry sand (WFS), a common industrial by-product, supported by cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄ ). While CoFe₂O₄ offers photocatalytic activity driven by visible light, the WFS serves as both an adsorbent and a structural support XRD, SEM, and FTIR analyses were used to characterize […]
A magnetic nanocomposite of nickel ferrite (NiFe₂O₄) based on Waste Foundry Sand (WFS) was created in order to effectively adsorb Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. Because WFS is a substantial industrial waste with significant percentages of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3, it was utilized as a sustainable substrate. A straightforward co-precipitation technique was used […]
With the increasing preference for renewable and sustainable energy sources, research into plant-based biofuels as viable replacements for fossil fuels has been accelerated. This analysis focuses on the recent developments that have been made in using plant feedstock, such as Crambe abyssinica, Dovyalis caffra, and third-generation non-edible oils, to produce biodiesel. They emphasize biological and […]
Obesity is a multifactorial metabolic disorder associated with excessive fat accumulation and increased risk of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and hypertension. This study aimed to identify key genes and molecular pathways involved in obesity using an integrative bioinformatics approach. A total of 30 obesity-associated genes were retrieved from the DisGeNET database […]
Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative eye disease characterized by progressive optic nerve damage and irreversible vision loss. Elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor; however, disease progression may occur even under controlled conditions, indicating the involvement of genetic, molecular, and environmental factors. Current treatments primarily reduce intraocular pressure but do not prevent neuronal degeneration. […]
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is an ultra-rare, fatal genetic disorder serving as a profound model for accelerated human aging. It is driven by a de novo point mutation in the LMNA gene, producing progerin, a mutant protein that severely disrupts nuclear mechanics, chromatin organization, and gene regulation. Because current therapeutic strategies fail to rectify the […]
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), also known as "Stoneman Syndrome," is an ultra-rare and life-shortening genetic disorder characterized by the episodic metamorphosis of connective tissues into a permanent secondary skeleton [1]. This study presents a high-resolution, network-based identification of the "hub genes" and signaling pathways that drive heterotopic ossification (HO). By integrating transcriptomic data from high-throughput […]
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a long-term autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues. This leads to the production of harmful autoantibodies and immune complexes that cause inflammation and damage in multiple organs such as the skin, joints, kidneys, and blood cells. One of the main causes of SLE […]
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations in the CFTR gene, resulting in abnormal chloride transport, airway inflammation, and progressive pulmonary damage. While CFTR dysfunction is the main molecular cause, disease severity is modulated by intricate gene interaction networks and inflammatory signaling pathways. In this study, a bioinformatics-based network analysis […]
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease driven by complex genetic alterations and dysregulated signalling pathways, resulting in significant variability among patients and challenges in effective treatment. Understanding the molecular interactions and identifying key regulatory genes are critical for improving therapeutic strategies. In the present study, an integrative bioinformatics approach was employed to investigate the molecular […]
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disorder characterized by persistent airway inflammation and declining lung function. To better understand its molecular basis, this study combined transcriptomic analysis with network-based bioinformatics to identify key genes and pathways involved in disease progression. Using DisGeNET, we identified core COPD-associated genes, including TP53, EGFR, APP, and […]
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorder characterized by dysregulated keratinocyte proliferation, immune cell infiltration, and complex genetic susceptibility. Increasing evidence suggests that cytokine signaling pathways and immune regulatory genes play a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis. The present study employed an integrative bioinformatics approach to investigate functional interactions and molecular pathways associated with […]
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by selective motor neuron degeneration and significant molecular heterogeneity. Understanding the complex interactions among ALS-associated genes is essential for elucidating disease mechanisms and identifying therapeutic targets. In this study, an integrative bioinformatics approach was applied to explore the functional organization of ALS-related genes. A curated […]
Social media platforms have become central to modern communication, entertainment, commerce, and political discourse. At the heart of these platforms lie sophisticated algorithms that determine what content users see, in what order, and with what frequency. These algorithms analyse massive volumes of user data to personalize feeds, recommend content, and optimize engagement. This study examines […]
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has significantly influenced the software development industry, particularly through tools such as ChatGPT. This study investigates the impact of ChatGPT on beginner and experienced programmers in terms of learning effectiveness, productivity, problem-solving ability, and code quality. A comparative research design was employed, and data was collected from 17 participants […]
Travel planning can be really annoying because you have to look at many different sources of information. This can be hard to make good choices. Most travel websites are about booking things and do not help you plan your trip based on what you like. This project is trying to solve the problem of bringing […]
Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong general-purpose reasoning capabilities but often struggle with domain-specific accuracy and factual reliability. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this limitation by incorporating external document context during inference. Conversely, conventional RAG systems are entirely dependent on the documents supplied, thereby rendering them susceptible to information that is either outdated, incomplete, or inaccurate. […]
The study evaluates widely used AI models including BERT, DistilBERT, ResNet-50, and MobileNet to examine the relationship between model performance and energy usage. In addition, emission monitoring tools such as eco2AI and ML CO₂ Impact are used to estimate energy consumption and carbon emissions. A sustainability evaluation metric called the Green Score is introduced to […]
The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology into healthcare has enabled the development of smart systems capable of continuous and remote patient monitoring. This paper presents an IoT-based healthcare monitoring system designed to track patient health parameters in real time. The proposed system utilizes multiple sensors, including heart rate, body temperature, and galvanic skin […]
Cloud-based data warehousing (CDW) enables organizations to store and analyze large-scale data using scalable, flexible, and cost-effective cloud infrastructure. Modern platforms such as Amazon Redshift, Google BigQuery, and Snowflake offer separated compute and storage, elastic scaling, and usage-based pricing models. Despite these advantages, enterprises often face challenges related to cost predictability, workload performance, elasticity management, […]
This paper talks about AniTrack, a Streamlit-based pipeline that does everything from shot detection to YOLOv8 person tracking, face-anchored cropping, anime-specific CCIP embeddings, HDBSCAN clustering with temporal pruning, cross-shot similarity merging, and reference-based open-set naming. For scene segmentation, the system uses PySceneDetect; for detection, it uses ultralytics YOLOv8m; for 768-dimensional identity features, it uses the […]
The quality and freshness of fruits is really important in the agricultural supply chain and in stores. When people check fruits by hand it can be. Not consistent. This can be a problem when you have to check a lot of fruits. So this study is about a computer system that can automatically classify fruits […]
The problem of remembering essential items while leaving home is a common problem faced by millions of people around the world, which results in time and productivity losses. The existing reminder systems use general time or location triggers that do not consider the dynamic and context-dependent nature of human activities. The paper proposes a novel […]
Solar photovoltaic systems are an essential component of renewable energy, yet their efficiency is often limited by improper alignment with the sun and the accumulation of dust and pollutants. Fixed solar panels cannot continuously face the sun as it moves from east to west, leading to energy losses of up to 45% in some cases. […]